The role and absorption rate of commonly used creeping elements

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Iodine

Iodine is an essential trace element in the human body. It is required for the formation of the thyroid hormones- thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) and thyroxine. It is also important for healthy metabolism, growth, and development. In particular, iodine is important for the health of pregnant women and the development of their unborn children.

Iodine is naturally found in many food sources including fish and dairy products. In addition, many countries also put iodine in their table salt to ensure people receive enough of this important mineral.

The daily recommended intake of iodine is 150 μg/day. For expectant mothers, the recommended intake is slightly higher at 220-250 μg/day. People who are at risk of iodine deficiency include those who live in iodine-deficient areas, pregnant women, breastfeeding mothers, and those who have thyroid problems.

Iodine deficiency can lead to a number of health problems including goiter, an enlargement of the thyroid gland, which is usually caused by a lack of iodine. It can also lead to hypothyroidism, which is a condition where the thyroid does not produce enough of the hormones needed for normal functioning.

Iodine is easily absorbed in the body, with about 70 to 90 percent of dietary iodine being absorbed in the small intestine. The remainder is absorbed in the large intestine.

Selenium

Selenium is an essential trace mineral required for the proper functioning of many of the body’s enzymes. It is a powerful antioxidant, helping to protect cells from damage. Selenium also has a protective effect on the heart, and may help to reduce the risk of stroke and other forms of cardiovascular disease.

Selenium is naturally found in many food sources, but the levels vary depending on the soil in which they grow. Brazil nuts, fish and seafood, meats, eggs, and some cereals are good sources of selenium.

The daily recommended intake of selenium is 55μg/day. In some cases, those with a deficiency in this important mineral may benefit from taking a supplement.

Selenium is easily absorbed in the body and around 50 to 55 percent of dietary selenium is absorbed in the small intestine. The remainder is absorbed in the large intestine.

Zinc

Zinc is an essential trace element found in all of the body’s cells and tissues. It is involved in many biological processes important for a healthy body, such as cell growth, immune system functioning, and wound healing.

Zinc is naturally found in many food sources, such as beef, pork, poultry, legumes, seeds, nuts, and whole grains.

The recommended daily intake of zinc is 11 mg/day. People at risk of zinc deficiency include those with poor diets, vegetarians and vegans, pregnant and breastfeeding women, the elderly, and those with certain medical conditions.

Zinc is easily absorbed in the body. About 30 to 40 percent of dietary zinc is absorbed in the small intestine, while the remainder is absorbed in the large intestine.

Corrosion is the process by which some elements, such as oxygen, nitrogen, and chlorine, in an environment react with a material to create corrosion products. These corrosion products are detrimental to the integrity of the materials, and in some cases may even cause corrosion. Most commonly, corrosion is caused by oxidation or the action of acidity. The corrosive elements taken up by materials during corrosion are called corrosion elements. They are mainly found in air, water, soil and some food items.

The most common corrosion elements are oxygen (O2), sulfur (S), phosphorus (P), and water (H2O). Oxygen is the most abundant corrosive element in the environment. It is highly reactive, and when it reacts with metals, it results in the formation of Rust (Fe2O3). Sulfur is a more reactive element than oxygen, and it combines with various elements, like iron, to form rust. Phosphorus is less reactive and it can accelerate the corrosion process by forming black oxides and phosphates on the surface of the metal. The water in the environment also has a role in the corrosion process, as it can speed up the oxidation of metals.

The absorption rate of the corrosion elements depends on their reactivity and the type of material they are interacting with. On average, oxygen is absorbed at a rate of up to 0.2 g of oxygen per square meter per hour and sulfur is absorbed at a rate of up to 2.0 g of sulfur per square meter per hour. Phosphorus, on the other hand, is absorbed at a rate of up to 0.1 g per square meter per hour. For water, the absorption rate may be as high as 0.15 g per square meter per hour.

Corrosion elements, through their different mechanisms of corrosion, induce damage to a variety of materials, from metals to polymers. Understanding their absorption rate is important to determine their influence on the material and its use. In addition, by properly monitoring the influence of the corrosion elements, one can determine the action that must be taken to minimize the risks of damage and extend the life of materials.