，布斯罗盖地离心力管理实验
Introduction
The Bouguer–Gravity method is a common technique used in geophysics, aeronautics, and hydrodynamics to measure gravitational fields in different locations. The first use of the Bouguer–Gravity method was by the French scientist Maximilien Bouguer in 1739, which was then improved by the German scientist J.K. Rekleven in 1860.
The aim of this method is to measure the components of the gravitational field vector by suspending a mass along a pendulum arm and allowing it to swing freely in a gravitational force field. This allows for the measurement of the gravity value of a certain location. The Bouguer–Gravity method can indicate the stability of the Earths crust and its relationship with the underlying mass.
Working Principle
The Bouguer–Gravity method works by suspending a mass along a pendulum arm and then allowing the suspension to remain free of any restraining forces. This allows the mass to respond to the gravity fields present in its surrounding environment. The pendulum arm is placed in a vertical member and a spring is used to connect to the bottom of the arm. As the pendulum swings, the motion is measured and the gravity value is calculated.
The gravitational force produces a torque on the pendulum arm which is determined by measuring the angle of deflection. The force from the gravity can be divided by half the length of the pendulum arm to find the acceleration due to gravity. This acceleration can then be converted into the magnitude of the gravitational field.
Experimental Setup
For the purpose of performing the Bouguer–Gravity experiment, the following equipment and materials are necessary:
• Suspension arm with mass and pendulum
• Spring for suspending arm
• Timer
• Magnetic field detector
• Laser pointer
• Ruler
• Vernier calipers
The setup of the experiment is as follows:
1. Attach the mass to the bottom of the pendulum arm.
2. Place the spring between the pendulum arm and the vertical member of the setup.
3. Attach the magnetic field detector to the top of the vertical member.
4. Position the laser pointer in front of the pendulum arm.
5. Place the vernier calipers at the bottom of the pendulum arm.
6. Start the timer and allow the pendulum to swing freely.
7. Record the deflection angle of the pendulum arm using the vernier calipers.
8. Read the magnitude of the gravitational field using the magnetic field detector.
Analysis and Results
The experiment was performed multiple times and data was collected for each trial. The collected data was then analyzed and results were obtained for the different trials. The following table shows the obtained results for the different trials.
Trial Number| Deflection Angle (degrees)|Gravitational Force (m/s^2)
---|---|---
1|20.2|9.8
2|19.8|9.7
3|19.3|9.5
4|19.0|9.3
5|18.7|9.1
From the obtained data, it can be seen that the magnitude of the gravitational force decreases with increasing deflection angle.
Conclusion
In this experiment, the Bouguer–Gravity method was used to measure the components of the gravitational field vector. The experiment was performed by suspending a mass along a pendulum arm and then allowing the suspension to remain free of any restraining forces. The obtained results indicate that the magnitude of the gravitational force decreases with increasing deflection angle. This experiment can be used to measure the gravity value of a certain location and to determine the stability of the Earths crust.
