Introduction to CNC Machine Maintenance Technology
Computer numerical controlled (CNC) machine tools are widely used in modern manufacturing industry. With the development of computer technology, CNC machines have been greatly improved in terms of stability and accuracy. However, due to the complexity of the machine structure and the strong reliance on the accuracy of component parts, regular maintenance and periodic maintenance are still required for CNC machines to ensure smooth operation. Therefore, machine maintenance has become an important part in the whole production process.
This paper will introduce maintenance technology of CNC machines in detail, including cleaning and lubricating, preventive maintenance, and maintenance of electric control system. In addition, as a complex electromechanical system, the specific strategies used in maintenance and the precautions taken should also be taken into consideration.
Cleaning and Lubricating
To ensure efficient and stable operation of the CNC machine, proper cleaning and lubrication should be taken into account. Regular cleaning and oiling of the CNC machine can reduce the probability of malfunctions caused by dirt and dust accumulation. Cleaning is especially important for proper operation of the exposed surfaces of mechanical parts, connecting rods, levers, screw rods, cylinders and the like. They should be wiped down with a soft cloth dampened with a light-duty oil or gasoline. At the same time, the surface of the work position should also be wiped with a damp cloth.
Preventive Maintenance
Preventive maintenance is the regular inspection and maintenance of CNC machines to prevent malfunctions. It includes periodic checking of the machines frames, electronic components, mechanical components and accessories.
For example, periodic inspection should be done on the fastening of the nuts and bolts to make sure they are tight. If necessary, they should be tightened or replaced. In addition, the clearance between the parts should also be checked. If the machine has vibration and noise during the machine operation, verifying the tightness of the bolt and nut connection is the first step for preventive maintenance.
The lubrication of the running parts and the chain should also be inspected regularly to ensure that the machine runs smoothly and reliably. The lubricant should be replenished according to the oil level of the lubricant tank and the instruction manual, with fresh oil that meets the requirements for use.
Maintenance of Electric Control System
The electric control system of the CNC machine plays a very important role in the operation and maintenance of the machine. The key is to install the controller in a dust-free environment and to regularly clean the air filter and dust collector to ensure the normal operation of the controller components.
In addition, users should also check the status of the power supply voltage, lines and fuses regularly, and take timely measures to reduce voltage drops to ensure the reliable operation of the machine. The main power switch must also be checked regularly to prevent the machine from being turned on and off without permission.
At the same time, the direction of the 3-phase AC motor should be checked. In most cases, the direction of rotation can be adjusted by changing the connection of two of the three-phase wires. Moreover, the controller should be verified for the correct set values and checked for damage or wear.
Conclusion
CNC machine maintenance is an important factor for machine tool performance and potability. Regular inspections and maintenance of the machine will help identify possible problems before they become serious. In this way, users can significantly reduce the overall cost of owning a CNC machine.
It is also important for users to develop a maintenance system for their CNC machines, so that the maintenance process can be conducted in a systematic, regular and timely manner. This, in turn, can significantly improve the safety, reliability and performance of the machine.
