Introduction
With the development of industry and the improvement of living standards, more and more household and industrial solid wastes are generated. Solid waste is the main source of various pollutants, so the effective management and harmless disposal of solid waste has become an important environmental protection issue that requires our attention.
Definition of solid waste
Solid waste is a generic term that refers to the material that humans produce in their daily lives and industries or discarded materials such as garbage, sludge, rubble, scrap iron, packaging material and construction waste, etc. In short, it is any non-liquid or non-gas material considered waste by the generator.
Types of solid waste
Solid waste can be generally divided into household waste, industrial waste, agricultural waste and mining waste based on its sources.
1. Household waste refers to the daily garbage collected by residents, such as kitchen garbage, paper, bottles and cans, plastics, rubber, furniture, etc.
2. Industrial waste is the by-product of production activities, such as dust, ash, end products and mixes, etc.
3. Agricultural waste refers to the residue from agricultural production activities, such as animal manure, plant leaves and twigs, etc.
4. Mining waste refers to waste generated from mine activities such as tailings, overburden and ore processing operations, etc.
Harm of solid waste
Solid waste is an important source of pollutants. It not only pollutes the environment, but also pollutes the soil and water bodies, which may lead to health problems such as infectious diseases and mental illness. In addition, improper disposal and burning of solid waste will produce toxic air pollutants, which will cause long-term adverse effects on human health.
Process and utilization of solid waste
The processing and utilization of solid waste is a measure of environmental protection. There are three main ways to process and utilize solid waste, namely recycling, composting and energy recovery.
1. Recycling mainly refers to the process of reusing materials such as plastic bottles, newspapers, etc., which can reduce waste and save resources.
2. Composting is the process of turning solid waste into organic fertilizer, which can reduce pollution and provide nutrition for the soil.
3. Energy recovery mainly refers to the process of using landfill gas and other solid wastes to generate electricity, which can reduce energy consumption and reduce environmental pollution.
Conclusion
Solid waste is a kind of environmental pollution, and its disposal and utilization is very important. It is necessary to strengthen the management and harmless disposal of solid waste, and to recycle or compost them rationally. In addition, we should also promote public awareness, reduce the production of garbage, and form a good garbage classification and reduction habits.