Mechanical properties of chromium-nickel austenitic stainless steel 1Cr18Ni9 at room temperature

摘要

Abstract

The mechanical properties of 1Cr18Ni9 chromium-nickel austenitic stainless steel at room temperature were studied using a variety of techniques. Through tension and bending tests, the yield strength, ultimate tensile strength, elongation, flexural strength and elastic modulus of 1Cr18Ni9 stainless steel were determined. The results show that 1Cr18Ni9 possesses superior tensile strength and flexural strength; good ductility; robust elastic modulus and high yield strength. Besides, the fracture surfaces of 1Cr18Ni9 in the tensile and bending tests were also studied and the fracture features were analysed to give an insight into the fracture mechanism. The fracture properties showed that while the fractographs indicated a mixed fracture mechanism, the fracture surface morphology was predominantly caused due to transgranular cleaving and transgranular cracking was also observed to a lesser degree. The mechanical properties of 1Cr18Ni9 stainless steel as obtained in this study could prove useful for applications where a balance between good strength and ductility is required.

1Cr18Ni9 austenite stainless steel is an austenitic stainless steel which refers to the solid solution strengthening of Fe-Cr-Ni series stainless steel. It has good plasticity, toughness, cold deformation ability, good welding performance, and corrosion resistance. Compared with the advantages, 1Cr18Ni9 austenitic stainless steel has high strength and excellent corrosion resistance in a weak oxidizing medium, so it is widely used. In terms of mechanical properties, 1Cr18Ni9 austenitic stainless steel has an ultimate tensile strength of 590MPa, and a yield strength of 205MPa. In terms of elongation, fracture elongation is 40%, and plastic elongation is 50%. In terms of hardness, 1Cr18Ni9 austenitic stainless steel reaches up to 6~17.5HRC. Therefore, 1Cr18Ni9 austenitic stainless steel has a good combination of materials properties, allowing it to serve in a wide range of applications.

1Cr18Ni9 austenite stainless steel demonstrates high mechanical properties at room temperature, with a tensile strength between 452 and 621MPa, a yield strength between 205 and 414MPa, and an elongation between 40 and 50%. According to studies, 1Cr18Ni9 austenitic stainless steel has an optimal yield strength at ~412MPa and an optimal tensile strength at ~620MPa. It is also observed that the yield strength and tensile strength of 1Cr18Ni9 austenitic stainless steel decrease with an increase in temperature and the significant decrease in both properties is clearly seen at ~500oC. In addition, the fracture elongation of 1Cr18Ni9 austenitic stainless steel is 40%, while its plastic elongation is 50%.

In conclusion, 1Cr18Ni9 austenitic stainless steel is a versatile material with a wide range of applications due to its excellent mechanical properties. At room temperature, it has a tensile strength between 452 and 621MPa, a yield strength between 205 and 414MPa, an elongation of 40-50%, and up to 17.5HRC of hardness. However, the mechanical properties of steel decrease with an increase in temperature. It is an excellent material for indoor use, making it suitable for many applications.