Price Fixing
Price fixing is an illegal practice that occurs when two or more persons, companies, or corporations collaborate to set prices at an artificially high or artificially low level. This practice is a violation of both federal and state antitrust laws. The purpose of antitrust laws is to protect competition and promote fair trade for consumers.
Price fixing can occur in any industry. In the United States, the Sherman and Clayton Antitrust Acts make this kind of behavior illegal. The Sherman Act states that any contract, combination, or conspiracy to restrain trade is illegal. The Clayton Act prohibits exclusive dealing, tying contracts, and price discrimination. For a violation of these laws to occur the government often needs to prove the existence of what is known as a “monopoly” or “restraint of trade.”
Price fixing is often seen in industries where there is little competition, or after a large firm purchases several smaller competing firms. In this situation, a company can control the market by setting prices at a level that makes it difficult for competitors to enter the market. This practice harms consumers by preventing them from paying the lowest possible price.
Price fixing can also impact markets in other ways. By artificially increasing the price of goods, it can reduce the number of producers in the market, decrease output, and drive up prices. This can reduce competition, create large economic inefficiencies, and lead to a lack of innovation in the market.
Regulators are always on the look out for companies that are involved in price fixing. If a company is found to be in violation of antitrust laws, it can face severe penalties. These can include civil penalties, criminal fines, and even prison sentences for those involved in the price fixing scheme.
Price fixing is an illegal activity that harms consumers and reduces competition in any market. Regulators take price fixing seriously and those who are found in violation of antitrust laws can face severe penalties. Companies should always be aware of the need to comply with the law when setting prices for goods and services in order to avoid any potential legal repercussions.