Introduction
Metallurgical furnace heat engineering measurement and control is an important branch of industrial automation technology. With the development of new alloys, steelmaking furnace heat engineering, the measurement and control technology of the furnace has become a key technology to ensure the product quality. With the continuous improvement of the accuracy of measurement and control instruments, now the temperature measurement and control accuracy of steelmaking furnace can reach 0.02 ℃. The purpose of metallurgical furnace heat engineering measurement and control technology is to obtain an optimal temperature value range of certain items in the heat engineering process in order to ensure the achievement of heat engineering objectives.
Nowadays, the metallurgical furnace heat engineering measurement and control technology is not only the main component of the industrial automation, but also it is an important guarantee to ensure safe operation, reliable operation and product quality of the production equipment. The metallurgical furnace heat engineering measurement and control technology develops rapidly with the development of industrial technology and automation technology.
Metallurgical furnace heat engineering measurement and control technology
Metallurgical furnace heat engineering measurement and control is the research, development and application of temperature measurement, information acquisition, automatic temperature control, sensor selection technology and computer-aided control technology in a certain time interval in the process of heat treatment of metal and alloy materials. The control accuracy of the furnace can reach 0.02 ℃.
With the development of industrial technology and digital technology, the tension between the temperature measurement and control system of the metallurgical furnace and the process changes with the time is becoming more and more prominent. The traditional temperature measurement and control system has been unable to meet the needs of the production process. Therefore, the necessity and urgency of using advanced control technology such as fuzzy control technology and neural network in the heat engineering control system are especially significant. In comparison with traditional control methods such as PID control, both fuzzy control technology and neural network technology can increase the control accuracy of the metallurgical furnace heat engineering and reduce the influence of measurement and control error significantly.
Sensor selection technology
Sensor selection is an important part of the metallurgical furnace heat engineering measurement and control technology. The performance of the temperature measurement and control system of the metallurgical furnace is directly related to the accuracy and reliability of the sensor. Nowadays, there are many kinds of sensors for measuring temperature. Therefore, it is important to select the appropriate sensors according to the characteristics of the measured object, measurement accuracy and temperature range.
In the temperature measurement system of the metallurgical furnace, there are often contact temperature measurement (thermocouple and resistance thermometer, etc.) and non-contact temperature measurement (infrared thermometer) in the process. The selection of the sensors for the furnace temperature measurement is mainly based on the requirements of the process, the size and installation of the working environment. For example, for occasions where contact type temperature measurement method is used, an appropriate contact type temperature measurement sensor must be selected, and for occasions where non-contact methods such as infrared thermometry are used, the measurement distance of the selected infrared thermometer must be slightly larger than the size of the measured object. At the same time, the perfect thermal insulation protection measures must be adopted when measuring the temperature of the small size objects, which can reduce the impact of the thermal insulation of the environment on the measurement accuracy.
Data acquisition technology
Data acquisition is the key link between the metallurgical furnace heat engineering measurement and control technology and the process control system. In the traditional temperature measurement and control system of the metallurgical furnace, the output signal of the transmitting temperature sensor needs to be amplified and converted, and then be sent to the receiver. The microcontroller of the receiver is most commonly used for data processing and storage, and finally the output signal is connected to the process control system.
In the digital technology, the data acquisition is mainly based on the serial communication bus technology, and digital signal is used for long distance transmission, which enables the data acquisition of the furnace temperature measurement and control system to become an integral digital system.
The serial communication bus is an important component of the industrial automation system. It connects the different nodes (sensors, microcomputer controllers, etc.) in the system and forms a well-knit serial control and data transfer network. The network transmits data in serial form and can transmit data when both ends receive the same electrical signal.
Automatic temperature control technology
The purpose of metallurgical furnace heat engineering measurement and control is to obtain an optimal temperature value range of certain items in the heat engineering process in order to ensure the achievement of heat engineering objectives. Automatic temperature control is the core technology to realize the measurement and control of the furnace temperature. Relying on the perfect three-level control system, fuzzy control technology and neural network control technology, the temperature control system of the metallurgical furnace can achieve the measurement and control of the furnace temperature for a long time.
Fuzzy control technology is a new generation of control technology that has been used in the temperature control of the metallurgical furnace. Its system structure is more complex than traditional control methods. It contains fuzzy rules and looks like an expert control system. It simulates the control process with fuzzy logic, realizes the control of the furnace temperature, and further enhances the speed and stability of the system.
The three-level temperature control system of the ferrous and non-ferrous melting furnace applies the PID control technology to realize the temperature control of the furnace. The temperature deviation is adjusted by setting the parameters of the PID controller, making the furnace temperature maintain in a certain range. With the PID control technology, its self-learning, self-adaption and self-adjustment ability can effectively reduce the temperature measurement and control error and improve the control accuracy of the temperature.
Neural network control technology is a technology that combines artificial intelligence technology with modern control theory. It builds a mathematical model of the temperature control system and realizes optimal temperature control. Neural network control technology can adjust the parameters of the mathematical model according to the actual situation of the system, so as to improve the accuracy of the control of the furnace temperature.
Conclusion
Metallurgical furnace heat engineering measurement and control is the basis of metallurgical furnace heat engineering production. It is based on the combination of temperature measurement and control technology, sensor selection technology, data acquisition technology, automatic temperature control technology, fuzzy control technology and neural network control technology, as well as computer-aided software. The metallurgical furnace heat engineering measurement and control technology is used to control the heat engineering temperature and ensure the safe operation and reliable operation of the production equipment, thus ensuring the production accuracy, product quality and production efficiency.
