When discussing the Obama administration, a basic understanding of some critical political doctrines become increasingly important. The Polk Doctrine is one such doctrine famously espoused in 1845 by President James K. Polk. It marked a major shift in foreign policy from a stance of non-interference to one that encouraged a more imperialistic foreign policy. The Obama administration has not only adopted this doctrine for their own policies, but have also adjusted it to fit current circumstances.
In its original form, the Polk Doctrine stated that any government attempting to establish a foothold in the western hemisphere would be viewed with hostility by the United States. This was a result of the revolutionary tensions of the times and the U.S.’s belief in maintaining its position as a beacon of democracy in the Americas. This version of the doctrine remained in practice until the establishment of the Monroe Doctrine by President James Monroe in 1823. The Monroe Doctrine went further, issuing a warning to Europe that the U.S. would view interference in Latin American affairs as an act of hostility towards itself.
The Obama administration has taken the principle of the Polk Doctrine and applied it in a much more modern context. They have stated that the U.S. will view any attempts at foreign meddling in their economy, military affairs, or political system as a threat. This is in direct opposition to their predecessor’s policy of unilateral intervention in global affairs (the so-called “Bush Doctrine”).
In addition to taking a firm stance against foreign interference, the Obama administration has also endeavored to create an international community of countries with similar interests and goals. This has been achieved through a number of diplomatic engagements and initiatives. One of these initiatives was the establishment of the Global Partnership Framework in 2011. This framework defined the roles of the U.S. and its allies in the global system of cooperation, and provided a clearer outline of the United States’ priorities both domestically and internationally.
The Obama administration has also adjusted their version of the Polk Doctrine to deal with regional tensions, especially in the Middle East. Prior administrations took a hard line stance against Iran and its nuclear ambitions, but the Obama administration was willing to renegotiate the agreement. This was pivotal in establishing a more cooperative tone in the region and won praise from the international community for showing a willingness to engage in diplomatic talks in an effort to bring about resolution.
The Obama administration has also sought to build bridges between the East and West. This was made evident through the administration’s decision to pursue the Iran nuclear deal, and the establishment of normalized relations with Cuba. In doing so, the Obama administration shifted away from the traditional hard line stance against much of the Middle East and showed a willingness to negotiate and compromise in order to resolve global disputes.
The Obama administration has also taken steps to limit the United States’ involvement in global conflicts. Through the re-examination of the Bush Doctrine and the apparent de-escalation of its foreign policy stance, the Obama administration has set a precedent that seems to favor a more constructive form of foreign policy.
While the Obama administration has not been without its controversies and mistakes, their commitment to the Polk Doctrine, and their willingness to re-evaluate and adjust the doctrine to meet current circumstances has made them one of the most effective foreign policy-making administrations in modern U.S. history. Their efforts in revising traditional foreign policy approaches and engaging in diplomatic dialogue to resolve global issues are commendable. In this way, the Obama administration remains loyal to the legacy of President Polk by placing a heavy emphasis on foreign policy dialogue rather than unilateral action.
