Techniques of converting ordinary machine tools into CNC machine tools
Computer numerical control (CNC) machine tools are widely used in the fabrication industries, providing many advantages over traditional machine tools. CNC machine tools offer higher precision and better repeatability, enabling higher repeatability accuracy, shorter lead times and can often require fewer setups. They also offer more flexibility and allow to vary the machine settings so that different operations and cuts can be done quickly and with ease.
Converting an ordinary machine tool into a CNC machine tool can be a challenging and time-consuming process, but it can also have many cost savings and beneficial advantages. This article describes the techniques used for converting ordinary machine tools into CNC machines.
The first step for converting a machine tool into a CNC machine is to determine the type of machine and its capabilities. A CNC system typically requires a number of components such as a controller, motor and drive system, encoding mechanisms, braker, sensors and a programming package. When converting an ordinary machine tool to CNC, these new components must be compatible with the existing components.
Next, the existing machine tool needs to be modified in order to accept the new components. For example, the base of the machine may need to be extended to provide a larger mounting surface for the components. The moving parts on the machine also need to be modified to ensure they are compatible with the CNC components. The existing machines tool table needs to be modified to ensure that the CNC machine can move along its programmed path. Other mechanical modifications may be required, such as drilling holes for mounting brackets, attaching wiring and installing servos. It is essential to design a well-thought-out mechanical system, as any errors could easily cause an enormous waste of time and money.
If the machine is not to be replaced, it is important that the software is compatible with the existing hardware. In this case, a software package must be custom designed for the specific machine being converted. This software should have all the programming and operating instructions needed to control the motion of the machine as well as the instructions necessary to input data into the machine. It should also include instructions for programming the CNC components and a basic user interface.
The next step is to install and configure the CNC components so that they can be used properly. This includes connecting the motor and drive system, encoders, brake system and sensors to the controller. Once the components are installed and configured, the machine should be tested for accuracy and repeatability. After these tests have been completed and the machine is ready to be used, it will be time to program the machine.
Programming a CNC machine involves writing a program that will tell the machine what to do. This can be done manually or using a computer-aided design (CAD) program. A program should be written for each of the operations that the machine will be performing. The program should include all the necessary parameters for each operation and this should be tested before being run on the machine.
Converting an ordinary machine tool into a CNC can take a considerable amount of time. It is important to ensure that all the components and software requirements are met prior to beginning the conversion process. Although it is a challenging and time-consuming process, the rewards and cost savings are often worth the effort. By converting a traditional machine tool into a CNC, businesses can experience improved accuracy, better repeatability and increased production times.
